KHUBKALAN (Seed)
Khubkalan is the seed of Sisymbrium irio Linn. (Fam. Brassicacem), an annual or biennial herb found in Kashmir, Punjab and Haryana and from Rajasthan to U.P. especially on moist soil.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : —
Assamese : —
Bengali : —
English : Hedge-Mustard, London Rocket
Gujrati : —
Hindi : Khub Kalaan, Khaaksee
Kannada : —
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : —
Marathi : Ranteekhee
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Janglisarson, Maktrusa, Maktaroosaa
Tamil : —
Telugu : Jeevakamu
Urdu : Khubakalan
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Seeds more or less ellipsoid, minute, size about a mm, orangish-brown, mucilaginous with warty surface; odour, pungent like mustard oil and taste like bitter mustard oil.
b) Microscopic
T.S. of seed shows seed coat with six layers, outermost a single layer of epidermis of rectangular, flattened and thin walled cells ranging from 30 to 50 n in length containing colourless, concentrically striated mucilage; a two-cell deep layer of parenchymatous cells, a single row of sclerenchymatous cells with their radial and inner tangential walls thickened, a single-cell layer of pigment, a single cell layer of aleurone grains, followed by crushed parenchymatous cells; cotyledons contain aleurone grains and oil globules; embryo folded; starch absent.
Powder – Brown, with pungent mustard oil smell, shows oil globules; aleurone grains containing crystalloids, globoids and sclerenchymatous cells; with ruthenium red mucilage turns pink.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 22 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 14 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Fixed oil Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.8
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of the methanolic extract on silica gel ‘G’ plate (0.2 mm thick) using butanol : acetic acid : methanol (60:10:20) shows under UV (254 nm) green spots at Rf. 0.07, 0.17, 0.23, 0.29, 0.55 and 0.87. After spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 105oC for ten minutes spots appear at Rf. 0.05 (green), 0.09 (green), 0.13 (light green), 0.21 (dark green), 0.28 (purple), 0.40 (purple), 0.76 (light purple) and 0.93 (dark purple). After spraying with Dragendorff’s reagent, one spot appears at Rf. 0.24 (bright orange).
CONSTITUENTS – Fixed oil and Isorhamnetin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu
Guna : Guru, Picchila, Snigdha
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Balya, Vatahara, Kaphahar, Svedakara, Sothahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Gojihvadi Kvatha Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Svasa, Jvara, Kasa, Vatajanya Vikara, Svarabheda, Daurbalya, Kaphavikara.
DOSE – 3-6 g.
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